PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.